JURNAL GALUNG TROPIKA

Strategi Pengembangan Usahatani Kopi di Kecamatan Modayag Kabupaten Bolaang Mongondow Timur

2023-08-18T21:05:24+07:00

Bolaang Mongondow Timur, as a coffee center in North Sulawesi, has played a role in contributing to coffee production. Modayag District, as the largest coffee-producing area and the largest land area in East Bolaang Mongondow Regency, has many obstacles to contribute to the achievement of coffee production. This research aims to discover the obstacles and strategies that can be done to develop coffee farming in Modayag District, East Bolaang Mongondow Regency. The analysis in this study is a qualitative descriptive analysis to determine the obstacles to the development of coffee farming and Process Hierarchy Analysis (AHP), which is used to determine strategies for developing coffee farming. The informants from this study were 12 key persons who were determined purposively to consist of related agencies, traders, and coffee farmers in the District of Modayag. The results showed that the obstacles in the development of coffee farming were the need for more information on cultivation techniques, the unavailability of post-harvest equipment, and the weak price protection and coffee quality assurance. With the AHP method, the results show that the policy aspect is the top priority, then the cultivation aspect, followed by the marketing aspect, the institutional aspect, and finally, the post-harvest processing aspect.

Pertumbuhan Ikan Patin Siam (Pangasius hypophthalmus) Dipelihara dalam Sistem Bioflok dengan Frekuensi Pemberian Molase yang Berbeda

2023-02-10T15:04:55+07:00

Biofloc technology requires an additional carbon source (molasses) to balance the C/N ratio to support the bacteria's performance. The application of molasses should be done with sufficient time and concentration to guarantee the excellent condition of the floc. This study aims to determine the appropriate frequency of molasses application for the growth of siamese catfish (P. hypophthalmus) using Biofloc System Technology. The study used a completely randomized design of flour treatments and five replications. The frequency of molasses application was aimed to find the optimum results of applying it once a day (A), every two days (B), every three days (C), and every four days (D), each in the corresponding experimental units. The experiment was carried out in 35 days. The feed given was 5% of body weight, with a feeding frequency of twice daily. The results showed no difference in growth (weight) and feed efficiency for all treatments. However, it was found that the amount and nutrient content of the formed floc were more stable when molasses was given at a frequency every two days (treatment B) until the sixth week compared to other treatments. In conclusion, the frequency of giving molasses for flock growth twice a day can be applied for siamese catfish using the Biofloc system.

Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Pengolahan Ikan Asin pada Usaha Rumah Tangga di Bontang Kuala, Kalimantan Timur

2023-05-26T23:59:17+07:00

Indonesia is an archipelagic nation known as a maritime area with natural riches in fisheries, such as marine biota and marine tourism. Since 1952, the progress of Bontang Kuala City has been supported by various industrial centers that utilize fishery products. This study aims to study financial aspects, including income, expenses, efficiency, and profits in the salted fish processing business managed by residents who live around the coastal area of Bontang City. The instruments applied to analyze data are analysis of business efficiency, costs, revenues, and profits. The objectivity of the study relies on the method of direct interviews with informants. The study results show that the average fixed and variable monthly costs, average revenue, and average monthly profit are "very efficient." Even though the RCR in the salted fish processing business in Bontang Kuala is classified as "efficient", obstacles still lead to entrepreneurs' prosperity and the allocation of supporting equipment. The implications of the findings are discussed and explored in subsequent publications. The study's results also inspire and dedicate significant contributions to the direction of more adaptive stakeholder regulations in the future.

Pengelolaan Risiko Produktifitas pada Usahatani Bawang Merah Pasca Covid-19

2023-05-04T21:25:43+07:00

The COVID-19 pandemic that hit regions in Indonesia has limited community activities. This research was conducted in Mataran Village, Anggeraja District, Enrekang Regency, to analyze productivity risk management (ex-ante, post-Covid-19 shallot farming). The method in this research was quantitative descriptive with a sample size of 36 shallot farmers. The sampling technique used a simple random method (random sampling). The research results show that the respondent farmers' ex-ante risk management strategy is to carry out a planting pattern, namely shallots-shallots-shallots, with a monoculture system. The seeds used are sourced from other parties; generally, only one type of seed is planted for different lands. For interactive strategies used by respondent farmers, they are planting shallots at the end of the dry season before the rainy season, using organic and inorganic fertilizers, replanting if a plant dies, mixing pesticides to save costs and eradicate more pests and diseases. Meanwhile, ex-post risk management means that if the shallot farming business fails, the action taken by the farmer is to look for additional work but continue to plant shallots in an area adjusted to the available capital. If there is a lack of capital, the respondent farmers borrow from fellow farmers or families, and some borrow from farmer kiosks or banks. Therefore, it is hoped that the role of agricultural extension workers will be more optimal in helping shallot farmers manage productivity risks and access capital.

Efektifitas Herba Ciplukan (Physalis angulata L.) Sebagai Imunostimulan Kekebalan Unggas Setelah Uji Tantang Virus Newcastle Desease

2022-12-27T09:39:45+07:00

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of ciplukan herb (Physalis angulata L) in extract and powder preparations as an immunostimulant against the immunity of broilers who have received vaccination and tested against the Newcastle disease virus. The materials used were 96 DOC with an average weight of 35-40 g, ciplukan herb from Luhak Nan Duo, the velogenic strain of Newcastle disease virus from Bvet Lampung, and the commercial vaccine ND Lasota. The study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 8 treatments and 3 replications. The ciplukan herb was given for 3 days with concentrations: K(-) (without vaccine without ciplukan), K+ (vaccine only), E3 (ciplukan extract 0.35mg/10ml/head + vaccine), E2 (ciplukan extract 0.25mg/head 10ml/head + vaccine), E1 (0.15mg/10ml/head ciplukan extract + vaccine), S3 (17.5mg ciplukan powder/head + vaccine), S2 (12.5mg ciplukan powder/head + vaccine) and S1 (ciplukan powder 7.5mg/head + vaccine). The parameters observed in this study were antibody titer, morbidity, and mortality. The study showed that the administration of ciplukan herb positively affected low antibody titers through the efficiency of cellular defense mechanisms. This herb can also reduce chicken mortality and morbidity after challenge tests against the Newcastle disease virus.

Model Agroforestry yang Diterapkan Kelompok Tani Hutan (KTH) Berbasis Agribisnis di Desa Ulusaddang Kabupaten Pinrang

2023-05-04T21:26:51+07:00

This study aimed to identify the Agroforestry model applied by the Agribusiness-based KTH in Ulusaddang Village, Pinrang District, South Sulawesi. Determination of the sample using the census method involving KTH, which represents the entire population, namely KTH Sipatuo and KTH Chulande Sipatuo. The results showed that the agroforestry models applied to each KTH were agro silviculture, agrosilvofishery, agro silvopasture, and monoculture (non-agroforestry). Several types of commodities and livestock that make up the agroforestry system are 1) Woody plants; sugar palm (Arenga pinnata), candlenut (Aleurites moluccanus), white teak (Gmelina arborea), mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla L), cinnamon (Cinnamomum verum), 2) seasonal plants; corn (Zea mays), banana (Musa paradisiaca L), avocado (Persea Americana), durian (Durio), cocoa (Theobroma cacao), robusta coffee (Coffea canephora), 3) animal feed; lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala), gamal (Gliricidia sepium), 4) Livestock; Cattle (Bos taurus sp), and tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

Tingkat Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) pada Berbagai Topografi Lahan

2023-08-26T08:48:40+07:00

This study aims to compare oil palm growth and yield in various topography on one stretch of land. Topography can affect the rate of erosion on agricultural land. High erosion rates transport nutrients to lower places, reducing land productivity, including oil palm plantations. It conducted the research by taking data on the growth and production of palm oil at PT. Perkebunan Nusantara XIV Keera-Maroangin Unit in October - December 2020. Observations were made of oil palm plantations on 3 types of land topography, namely (1) flat land: slope <3%, with a height difference <2 m, (2) undulating land: slope 8-15%, with a height difference of 10-50 cm, and (3) hilly land: slope 15-30%, with a height difference of 50-300 cm. Available secondary data is data from samples taken using a systematic random method. The sample data was then statistically processed using the two-party test method at the 0.05 level. The results showed that all growth parameters, namely plant height (98.09 cm), trunk circumference (301.94), frond length (413.94 cm) and bunch weight production (6.76 kg) of oil palm were found to be better on land with flat topography than other types of topography, while undulating land is better than sloping land, except for the parameter of frond length, oil palm growth and production are better than sloping land.

Pengaruh Fermentasi dan Asal Biji Kakao Terhadap Mutu Produk Olahan Kakao (Coklat Batang)

2022-12-24T08:25:25+07:00

The source of raw materials and the fermentation process carried out really need to be considered when processing it into chocolate bar products. This research aimed to determine the effect of seed origin and fermentation treatment on product quality and quality. The treatments in this research were cocoa beans from Soppeng Regency (South Sulawesi) and Polman Regency (West Sulawesi) with differences in fermentation time, namely 5 days and 7 days. The research results show that the raw material for cocoa beans used in making processed chocolate bars is influenced by the origin of the beans and the fermentation treatment. Visual test results showed that there was no difference in results for seeds from Soppeng and Polman. The processed product is brown in color and has a distinctive aroma because it comes from fermented cocoa beans. Testing for water content and fat content is greatly influenced by the fermentation process where a good stirring process during the fermentation process can increase the fat content and reduce the water content. Test results for metal contamination: Lead <0.0134, Cadmium <0.0013, Tin <0.0776, Mercury and Arsenic <0.0002. The results of microbial testing were TPC 1.2 x 101 and 7.0 x 101 colonies/g, Escherichia coli <3, Mold and Yeast 1.3 x 102 and 7.0 x 101 colonies/g and Salmonella was negative. The results of testing for metal contamination and microbiology show that processed cocoa products (chocolate bars) at the Politani Pangkep cocoa processing workshop are safe for consumption because they have test results below the SNI reference value.

Strategi Pengembangan Usaha Jamur Tiram Putih di Desa Simbang Kecamatan Simbang Kabupaten Maros

2023-03-29T08:10:16+07:00

The sale of mushrooms depends on demand in the village as well as demand from outside the region, such as the Makassar area, minimal capital and lack of production facilities that can support production. This research was carried out in Simbang Village, Simbang District, Maros Regency in October-November 2022. The purpose of this study is to find out internal and external factors and to find out how the oyster mushroom business development strategy of the Simbang Sejahtera Peasant Women's Group, Simbang Village, Simbang District, Maros Regency. The research methods used were observation, interviews and documentation by taking 25 people as respondents. The data used are primary data and secondary data. The data analysis used is a SWOT analysis. From the results of the analysis internal actors, namely marketing, human resources, production and operations, and finance. External factors are economic, climate, demographic, social, governmental, customer, supplier, and industry. the results of the SWOT analysis and QSPM and AHP there are 4 alternative strategies based on the location of the oyster mushroom business in quadrant I, which can be implemented, namely optimizing production to increase profits, being consistent in maintaining the quality of oyster mushrooms, expanding market reach online, and making processed oyster mushroom products in accordance with changes in consumer tastes who apply a healthy lifestyle, and can integrate alternative strategies to optimize the performance of the oyster mushroom business.

Identifikasi Sifat Kimia Beberapa Konsentrasi Ekstrak Kompos Limbah Sayur dan Pengaruhnya dalam Meningkatkan Ketersediaan Hara di Tanah Pekarangan

2023-06-08T11:16:40+07:00

One source of organic material is vegetable waste. This research aims to identify differences in the chemical properties of compost extracts and their influence on improving the availability of garden soil nutrients. The research was carried out in Rantau Selatan, Labuhanbatu Regency, North Sumatra Province, with an astronomical location of 99^O33' East Longitude - 100^O22' East Longitude and 01^O41' North Longitude - 02^O44' North Longitude. The first stage of this research was to investigate differences in compost extract concentrations using the paired t-test statistical test at the 5% level. In the second stage, a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used with 3 treatments and 18 replications and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSL) further test at the 5% level. The research showed that the 1:5 compost extract had higher chemical characteristics such as pH 6.83%, C-Organic 22.5%, N 0.95%, P 0.37%, and K 8.8%. Providing 1:10 compost extract can increase the nutrients in the yard soil, giving the best results and showing nutrient availability such as pH 4.92%, C-Organic 4.11%, N-total 16.3%, P-bray 251.37%, K-dd 10.9%, and KTK 26.34%.

Suplementasi Tepung Daun Kelor (Moringa oleifera) Sebagai Sumber Karotenoid Terhadap Tingkat Kecerahan Warna, Laju Pertumbuhan, dan Sintasan Benih Ikan Koi

2023-05-30T14:55:47+07:00

This study aims to determine the effect of supplementation with Moringa oleifera leaf flour as a source of carotenoids on the level of color brightness, growth rate, and survival of koi fish seeds (Cyprinus rubrofuscus). The research design was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD), with 4 treatments and 3 replications. Treatments A (without Moringa leaf flour supplementation), B (100 grams Moringa leaf flour supplementation/kg feed), C (200 grams Moringa leaf flour supplementation/kg feed), and D (300 grams Moringa leaf flour supplementation/kg feed). The results of the study showed that supplementation with Moringa leaf flour as a source of carotenoids in feed, although it did not (yet) have a significant effect on the color brightness of koi fish seeds (P>0.05) because the dose given was thought to be still insufficient, had a significant effect on absolute growth and survival to Koi fish seeds (P<0.05). It can be concluded that Moringa leaf flour can be used as an alternative supplement source of carotenoids to increase the brightness of koi fish color. However, the correct and optimal dosage still needs further research.

A Ekspansi Pakan Alami Tepung Ubi Jalar Terhadap Intensitas Kecerahan Warna Ikan Mas Koi (Cyprinus carpio)

2023-06-05T20:18:41+07:00

Koi carp (Cyprinus carpio) is one of the attractive ornamental fish to be cultivated because it has a gorgeous color and high economic value, so koi carp is in great demand by the public. The beautiful color of koi carp is influenced by the presence of natural pigments in fish; to release that color, it is necessary to add color pigments from synthetic substances. One of the natural ingredients that contain color pigments is purple sweet potato. This study aims to determine the effect and the correct dose of adding sweet potato flour to the intensity of the color brightness of koi carp (Cyprinus carpio). This research was carried out in stages, starting with the supply of raw materials for feed and carp koi (Cyprinus carpio). Then, the use of fish color measuring instrument parameters, namely toca color, measurement of absolute growth, survival rate, feed conversion, and feed efficiency. In the next stage, the research focused on fish maintenance and using optimal feed doses against changes for 90 days. The study's results showed that the highest change in color brightness was in treatment C (of purple sweet potato flour 15%) with a value of 6. Then, treatment A (5%), as much as 5.56, followed by treatment D (control), did not experience an increase in brightness color. Treatment B (10%) has the lowest color brightness level of 4.89. The results of these numbers are adjusted to the analysis test results (p> 0.05), which shows that the feeding of purple sweet potato flour has no significant effect on changes in the color's brightness level, and the results of the efficiency of feed utilization.

Peningkatan Kapasitas Kelembagaan dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan Kabupaten Jeneponto

2023-05-30T12:03:33+07:00

Strengthening farmer institutions is one of the government's efforts to improve farmer welfare. This research aims to: (1) determine the role of agricultural institutions in supporting the National food security program in Jeneponto Regency; and (2) determine the strategies that need to be implemented in strengthening farmer institutions to support food security programs in Jeneponto Regency. This research was designed with a qualitative approach and analyzed using the SWOT data analysis technique. The informants used in this research came from administrators and members of farmer groups, Agricultural Extension Centers, community leaders, and supporting institutions in agricultural activities. The research results show that the actors who play a role in developing a food security system are farmers who are members of farmer groups, agricultural instructors, and traders. The strategies that need to be implemented in strengthening farmer institutions are improving administration in farmer groups, increasing farmer participation to become independent farmer groups, government support in establishing farmer economic institutions, forming independent agricultural extension workers, increasing the role of farmer groups in using modern technology to add added value. The products produced increase farmers' bargaining position in the agricultural product trade system.

Seleksi Beberapa Hasil Persilangan Genotipe Jagung (Zea mays L) Tipe Daun Tegak

2022-09-13T15:15:29+07:00

This study aims to determine several genotypes of upright leaf-type maize with high production, in addition to knowing the genotypic characters obtained from the selection of upright leaf-type corn with closer spacing. The study was arranged as an experiment using a randomized block design (RBD) with the treatment of types of corn resulting from crosses. There were 6 genotypes tested, namely SU1, SU2, SU3, SU4, SU5, SU6, and 2 control genotypes namely SU7 (variety RK75) and SU8 (variety RK457). Genotypes were tested based on agronomic characteristics and yield. The results showed that the production of the tested and the control genotypes were not significantly different. However, the highest average production was found in the comparison genotype, especially the RK457 variety, which was 7.49 t/ha. The results of the selection of agronomic characters stated that the genotypes tested and the control genotypes showed no significantly different results on the characters of plant height, cob height, leaf length, leaf width, and leaf angle but significantly different on the stem diameter character. Genotype SU5 had an average stem diameter of 20.75 mm, not significantly different from genotype SU6 (18.95mm), RK457 (19.24 mm), and RK75 (17.79 mm). However, it was significantly different from the genotypes SU1 (16.35 mm), SU2 (14.40 mm), SU3 (16.05 mm), and SU4 (16.93 mm). The selection results for yield characteristics stated that the tested and control genotypes did not have significantly different characters.