Studi Evaluasi Ketahanan Beberapa Varietas dan Galur Tanaman Padi (Oryza sativa L.) terhadap Virus Tungro
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v15i2.1419Keywords:
tungro disease, rice varieties, ; plant resistance, disease incidence, Nephotettix virescensAbstract
Rice is a major food crop in Indonesia, but its productivity fluctuates partly due to pest and disease attacks. Tungro disease, transmitted by the green leafhopper (Nephotettix virescens), can significantly reduce rice yield. This study aimed to determine disease incidence, disease severity index, and plant height reduction caused by tungro disease in different rice varieties and lines. The study was conducted in the greenhouse of the BRMP Aneka Tanaman Umbi, Lanrang, Sidenreng Rappang Regency, using a Completely Randomized Design with five rice genotypes: Tukad Unda, TN1, Mekongga, Ciherang, and MR219. Each genotype had three replications, resulting in 30 test plants. The results showed that Ciherang and TN1 had the highest disease incidence, reaching 100%, and were classified as highly susceptible to tungro disease. Mekongga had an incidence of 83.33% and was classified as susceptible, while MR219 showed an incidence of 50% and was classified as moderately resistant. Tukad Unda showed no disease symptoms, with 0% incidence, and was classified as highly resistant. The highest disease severity index was recorded in Ciherang (9.00), followed by TN1 (7.00), Mekongga (6.33), MR219 (4.67), and Tukad Unda (1.00). The greatest plant height reduction occurred in Ciherang (16.00 cm) and TN1 (9.00 cm), while Mekongga, MR219, and Tukad Unda showed reductions of 2.33, 0.33, and 0 cm, respectively. Overall, Tukad Unda showed the highest resistance to tungro disease among the tested genotypes.
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