PERTUMBUHAN, PRODUKSI, DAN VIGOR BENIH PADA BUDIDAYA TUMPANGSARI SORGUM-KEDELAI
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31850/jgt.v8i2.429Keywords:
soybean, varietal combination, sorghum, intercropping, storability of seedAbstract
Monoculture development of sorghum faces obstacles due to limited land which causes competition in land use with other food crops. Intercropping as a way to overcome land scarcity creates competition between plant species/varieties. This experiment aimed to know effect of varietal combination of sorghum-soybean intercropping on growth, productivity, land equivalence ratio of the croping system. Other than to know the vigor of storability of sorghum seeds. This research was carried out in the farmland of Kuripan Hamlet, Sidodadi Village, Way Lima Subdistrict, Pesawaran District, Lampung Province (5,38° S, 105,03° E) and storage of sorghum seeds was carried out at the Seed and Plant Breeding Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Lampung University, Bandar Lampung, Indonesia from March to December 2018. Single factor experiment with six levels of treatment were applied in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. The six treatment were varietal combinations of intercropping of Numbu-Grobogan (S1K1), Numbu-Argomulyo (S1K2), UPCA-Grobogan (S2K1), UPCA-Argomulyo (S2K2), Numbu (S1), UPCA (S2), Grobogan (K1) and Argomulyo (K2). The size of the plot was 5 m x 5 m each. The results showed that the cultivation a varietal combination of sorghum-soybean intercropping affected significantly on the plant high, total normal seedling, and strong normal seedlings percentages. The cultivation also affected on seed weight per plant and seed number per plant. The value of land equivalence ratio (LER) this varietal combination intercropping were higger than 1.References
Amedie, B., S.M. Hiremath., B.M. Chittapur., S.I. Halikatti, & V. P. Chimmad. (2004). Intercropping of Grain Legumes in Sorghum. Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 17(1): 22-27.
Aminah, I. S., Rosmiah, R., & Yahya, M. H. (2014). Efisiensi Pemanfaatan Lahan pada Tumpangsari Jagung (Zea mays L.) dan Kedelai (Glycine Max L. Merrill) di Lahan Pasang Surut. Jurnal Lahan Suboptimal: Journal of Suboptimal Lands, 3(1).
Arma, M.J., U. Fermin., & L. Sabaruddi. (2013). Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung (Zea mays L. ) dan Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) melalui Pemberian Nutrisi Organik dan Waktu Tanam dalam Sistem Tumpangsari. Jurnal Agroteknos, 3(1).
Azrai, M., S. Human., & S. Sunarti. (2013). Pembentukan Varietas Unggul Sorgum untuk Pangan. Dalam Sumarno, D.S Damarjadti, M. Syam dan Hermanto. Sorgum: Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. IAARD Press. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jakarta.
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Aneka Kacang dan Umbi (Balitkabi). (2015). Deskripsi Kedelai. http: www. balitkabi. litbang. pertanian.go.id.
Balai Penelitian Tanaman Serealia (Balitsereal). (2009). Deskripsi Varietas Jagung, Sorgum dan Gandum. Badan Litbang Pertanian.
Ceunfin, S., D. Prajitno., P.Suryanto., dan E.T.S. Putra. (2017). Penilaian Kompetisi dan Keuntungan Hasil Tumpangsari Jagung Kedelai di Bawah Tegakan Kayu Putih. Jurnal Pertanian Konservasi Lahan Kering. Savana Cendana, 2(1): 1-3.
Gabir, N.M.A.E. (2005). The Effect of Intercropping on Growth and Yield of Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L. Moench.)). Thesis. University of Khartoum. Khartoum.
Handriawan, A., D.W. Respatie., & Tohari. (2016). Pengaruh Intensitas Naungan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Tiga Kultivar Kedelai (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) di Lahan Pasir Pantai Bugel, Kulon Progo. Vegetalika, 5(3): 1-14.
Indriati, T.R. (2009). Pengaruh Dosis Pupuk Organik dan Populasi Tanaman Terhadap Pertumbuhan Serta Hasil Tumpangsari Kedelai (Glycine max L.) dan Jagung (Zea mays L.). Tesis. Universitas Sebelas Maret. Surakarta.
Iqbal, M.A., B.J. Bethune., A. Iqbal., R.N. Abbas., Z. Aslam., H.Z. Khan., & B. Ahmad. (2017). Agro-Botanical Response of Forage Sorghum-Soybean Intercropping Systems Under Atypical Spatio-Temporal Pattern. Pak. J. Bot., 49(3): 987-994.
Merkeb, F., Z. Melkei., T. Bogale., & A. Takele. (2016). Influence of intercropping sorghum with legumes to control striga (Striga hermonthica) in Pawe, North Western Ethiopia. World Scientific News, 53(3): 204-215.
Permanasari, I, & D. Kastono. (2012). Pertumbuhan Tumpangsari Jagung dan Kedelai pada Perbedaan Waktu Tanam dan Pemangkasan Jagung. Jurnal Agroteknologi, 3(1): 13-20.
Rifai, A., S. Basuki., & B. Utomo. (2014). Nilai Kesetaraan Lahan Budidaya Tumpangsari Tanaman Tebu dengan Kedelai: Studi Kasus di Desa Karangharjo, Kecamatan Sulang, Kabupaten Rembang. Widyariset, 17(1): 59-70.
Sukmasari, M.D., A.A. Wijaya., U. Dani., & B. Waluyo. (2017). Respon Sembilan Varietas Kedelai (Glycine max. L (Merril)) Yang Ditanam Pada Kondisi Jenuh Air. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Fakultas Pertanian UNIBA. Surakarta.
Susilowati, S.H., & H.P. Saliem. (2013). Perdagangan Sorgum di Pasar Dunia dan Asia serta Prospek Pengembangannya di Indonesia. Dalam Sumarno, D.S Damarjadti, M. Syam dan Hermanto. Sorgum: Inovasi Teknologi dan Pengembangan. IAARD Press. Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian. Jakarta.
Tarigan, D.H., T. Irmansyah., & E. Purba. (2013). Pengaruh Waktu Penyiangan terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Beberapa Varietas Sorgum (Sorgum Bicolor (L.) Moench). Jurnal Online Agroekoteknologi, 2(1): 86-94.
Telleng, M., K.G. Wiryawan., P.D.M.H. Kartib., I.G. Permana., & L. Abdullah. (2016). Forage Production and Nutrient Composition of Different Sorghum Varieties Cultivated with Indigofera in Intercropping System. Media Peternakan, 39(3): 203-209.
Willey, R.W. (1979). Intercropping its Importance and Research Needs. Part I. Competition and Yield Advantage. Field Crops Abstr, 32: 1-10.
Yuwariah, Y., D. Ruswandi., & A.W. Irwan. (2017). Pengaruh Pola Tanam Tumpangsari Jagung dan Kedelai Terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Hasil Jagung Hibrida dan Evaluasi Tumpangsari di Arjasari Kabupaten Bandung. Jurnal Kultivasi, 16(3): 514-521.
